Container



Dec. 9, 1924. '1,518,194

J. H. GRAVELL CONTAINER Filed Dec. '1, 1921 'eleven/141041,

l lNvE /ToR 7 im@ /f ATTORNEYS- Patented Dec. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES JAMES I-I. GRAVELL, OF ELKINS PARK, PENNSYLVANIA.

CONTAINER.

Application xled December 1, 1921.

. is a specification.

My invention relates to containers for holding either liquid or inely divided solids. Although the invention is applicable to containers in general, it is directed more particularly to woodenbarrels. y

The principal object of my invention is the production of a leali-proof container of simple construction.

Aj further object of the invention is the production of a container having a construction permitting it to hold a corrosive material' without loss of said material when the container is transported or stored.

Generally stated the invention consists in the provision of a container provided with a lining which, when the container is filled -with its contents, either a liquid or a finely divided, solid, conforms itself in shape to the shape or irregularities in the shape of the inner wall of the container, said inner wall acting as a support for said lining. The lining itself may be of any suitable material which will vary according to the nature of the contents. I have found in practice that one of the most suit-able materials for lining is rubber and although the invention will be described in connection with rubber linings it will be understood that when conditions require, linings Inade of other materials may also be used.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combinations thereof hereinafter more particularly described and then specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings showing a practical embodiment of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the sheet of material from which the body of the lining is formed.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the body of the lining.

Fig. 3 is a section taken through the body of the lining after the bung fitting has been secured thereto.

Fig. 4 i's a plan view of the sheet of material froming one of the heads of the lin- Fig. 5 is a section taken through the concemented together.

Serial No. 519,035.

tainer after the body of the lining has been inserted therein.

Fig. 6 is a similar View with the lining' head in proper position before being pressed into engagement with the body lining by a head of the container.

Fig. 7 is a section taken through the complete container ready for filling.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged section through a portion of the container showing the means for closing the bung fitting.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged section taken through a portion of a modification of the container showing the inclusion of a supplemental lin* ing intermediate the ordinary lining and the body of the barrel.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a portion of the supplemental lining. y

Fig. 1l is a section taken through a modified form of lining.

Referring in detail to the several figures of the drawing:

1 indicates the staves forming the body of a conventional Wooden bilge barrel, said staves being provided with Crozes 2 adjacent their upper and lower ends for reception of the reduced peripheries or edges of the annular woodenheads 3. The parts are held in position, as ordinarily, by the hoops 4 encircling the stave members l. One of said stave y members is provided with a bung 5.

6 indicates a sheet of thin live rubber which I perforate as at 7, this perforation corresponding in size to the bung 5. The thickness of said rubber may vary to a great extent but I have found from experience that lthe material known as dental dam and weighing about thirteen ounces per square yard constitutes a very satisfactory one for the purpose of the invention.

When lining the barrel in accordance with my invention the sheet of rubber 6 which is slightly greater in width than thel height of the barrel and slightly longer than the inner circumference of the barrel is formed into a cylinder 6 as indicated in Fig. 2 and the overlapping ends of said sheet are 7 indicates a hollow bung fitting of flexible moulded rubber having an inner annular ange 8 and an outer annular ange 9. The flange 8 is securely cemented to the cylinder 6 around the perforation 7, the cylinder and the bung fitting after completion of this operation being. shown in' Fig. Some of the upper' hoops 4 of the barrel are then removed to permit removalof the upper head 3 and the cylinder 6 is then inserted in the barrel and the bung fitting 7 inserted Within the bung hole whereby the outer annular flange 9 will engage the outer surface of the barrel stave in which the bung hole 5 is proyided. The end of the rubber cylinder is then turned'over lthe upper edge of the barrel and held in positionby means of suitable weights 10 detachably secured' at in- I tervals to the upper edge of the cylinder.

After the above operations have been performed I take a piece/or strip of rubber 11 r,shown in Fig. 4 which is preferably of the saine thickness as the lining body 6 and of a` size more than sufficient to cover the open head of the barrel as shown in Fig. 6. This head lining 11 is then placed over the open head of the barrel and held in place by suitable Weights 12 detachably engaging the edge of the head lining. The upper barrel'v head 3 is then pressed downwardly into the open head ofthe barrel until the reduced edge engages the upper croze 2 andthe barrel hoops which were removed are driven into place, this action tending to press the head liningll against the cylindrical body lining 6 by a pinching action and forming a tight r heads, the three separate'lining parts are` will now be evident that, after the head linings and body lining have been placed and secured to the barrel by pinching the linings together by insertion of the barrel continuous and-in "reality form a single linin g for the barrel. Y

" In some cases, in order to positively assure a 'tight joint between the head lining 11 and the cylindrical body lining ,the bung hole'. .05

6 I apply cement on the contacting rubber surfaces of the two parts before the barrel head 3. is positioned in place.

After the liningl has been applied as eX- plained the barrel is turned Aon its side and filled through the bung fitting 7 in the regular way. When being filled it is usually desirable to hold the bung fitting away from the bung :hole 5' by a small wedgeV` so that any air pocketed between the lining. body and barrelk may vescape through When the barrel is filled I the contents act to expand the lining and press it against the inner surface of the'barrel which acts as a support therefor and the lining, being expandible, adapts itself to the shape or irregularities in the shape of the barrel. To seal the barrel I provide a rubber stopper 13 adapted to fit Within the bung fitting 7. Said stopper is provided with a depression 14 and with an annular flange 15 adapted to engage thc flange 9 of the bung fitting. When said stopper is pressed home within the bung fitting, removal thereof is prevented by the provision of a locking plate 16 provided with an extension 17 entering and fitting within the depression 14, said locking plate being also provided with a flange 18 secured to the body of thebarrel by suitable screws 19.

One ofthe difficulties in liningY barrels with thin rubber is the danger o causing 'punctures in the rubber by splinters in the wooden barrel. To obviate this difficulty I propose to provide in .some cases a supplemental lining 20 made'y `of a splinter-` resisting niaterial such as paper which is vinterposed between the rubber lining hereinbefore described and the inner surface of the heads and body of the barrel. This lining is preferably made of crimped aper as 'show-ii in Fig. 10 whereby it will expand and "be pressed against the inner surface of the barrel parts when the barrel is filled. The supplemental lining may be made up from three separate parts as in the case of the rubber lining and it may be inserted in the barrel at the same time as the rubber lining in an obvious manner.

After the barrel has been lined the free ends or extensions of the linings which protrude outwardly from the crozes of the barrel may be neatly trimmed or cut olf with a knife so that they do not extend beyond the heads 3. This greatly enhances the appearance of the article.

It will be noted that the lining is practically detached from the container itself except where it is held in place by pinching it between the head and the staves of the barrel. It would also be possible and still be within the invention to make a complete lining for the barrel comprising a body portion 21 and head portions 22 as shown in Fig. 11 and providing said lining with extending flanges 23 at the meeting points of said body portions and head portions and pinching said flanges in the crozes of lUl) the barrel in the same manner as in the -4 preferredform of the invention.

My method of lining is far superior to the ordinary "methods of securin a lining continuously to the interior of a barrel due to the-fact that a movement between the various members or staves of the barrel is have noticed, furthermore, that although one or more staves of a barrel has been broken in transit, the lining still remains intact and no leaks result. j

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to pinching the. lining between members of the container but the lining may be fastened to the container at separated places whereby the remaining portions of the lining are free to permit them to expand into contact with the interior wall of the container when the container is filled.

What l claim as my invention is 1. A container having a continuous lining of yielding elastic and eXpansible material like soft rubber made in sections and held in place and joined to one another to complete the lining and form a liquidtight joint between the sections by pinching lapped surfaces of the material forming said sections between members of the container.

2. A container having a continuous lining of flexible, expansible yieldable and elastic material like soft rubber made in sections, whose meeting edges are secured together and sealed against one another to form a liquid-tight joint by pinching of lapped surfaces of said yieldable elastic material between members of the container.

3. vA container having a lining. of flexible, elastic .and yielding material like soft rubber and comprising a cylindrical body member and head members joined to one another to form a complete lining made liquid-tight at the joints between said members by pinchinglapped surfaces of said yielding material between members of the container.

4. A container having a continuous lining formed of sheets of soft rubber in sections,the edges of which extend through the `joints of the container and are fastened together to form a complete, continuous lining made liquid-tightat the joints by the pinching of the said yielding material between members of the container at the joints.

5. A container of wood having a composite liquid-tight and splinter-resisting lining comprising layers of paper and soft rubber superposed, the layer of paper lying between the rubber'and the inner wall of the container.

6. A container provided with a bung hole, a lining within said container provided with a perforation-therein, a bung hole fitting extending through said bung hole and secured to. said lining and communicating with said perforation, means for closing said bung hole fitting and means for preventing removal of said closing means.

7. A container provided with a bung hole, a lining within said container provided with a perforation therein, a bung hole fitting extending within said bung hole and communicating with said perforation, a stopper fitting within said bung hole fitting and a locking plate secured to said container and engaging said stopper and preventing removal thereof.

8. A container provided with a bung hole, a lining within said container provided with a perforation/ therein, a bung hole fitting extending through said bung hole and secured to said lining land communicating with said perforation, a flange on said bung hole fitting engaging the outer surface of the container, a hollow stopper entering said bung hole fitting and engaging said flange and a locking plate entering said hollow stopper and secured to said container.

9. A container having a lining of thin, live rubber and a supplemental punctureresisting lining interposed between the rubber and the inner wall of the container.

10. A container having a rubber lining therein and a supplemental lining of crimped paper interposed between said lining and the container.

11. A barrel having a lining composed of two head members and a body member vall of soft rubber pinched at the ed es of the barrel body and barrel head by sai head to seal the lining, the remaining portions of the lining being free for expansion into Contact with and for support by the interior wall of the barrel.

12. A wooden barrel constructed of staves provided with a Croze and a wooden head adapted to be held in the croze and having a lining composed of two head members and a body member all of soft rubber pinched together at the croze to seal the lining, the remaining portions of the lining being free for expansion into Contact with and for support by the interior wall of the barrel.

13. A container provided with a bung hole, a rubber lininO within said container pro-vided with a perforation therein, a bung hole fitting of flexible rubber extending through said bung hole and secured lto said lining and communicating with said perforation .and means for closing said bung hole fitting.

14. A barrel constructed of staves and having a lining composed of two head members and a body member all of soft rubber pinched at the edges of the barrel body and barrel head by said head to seal the lining, the remaining` portions of the lining being free for expansion into contact with and for support by the interior wall of the4 barrel.

15. A container made in sections and having a lining also made in sections and consisting ofsections of elastic Lmaterial like soft rubber fastened at the joints of the lining between the joints of the sections of the container. the remaining portions of the terior wall of the barrel and for support thereby.

' Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 29th day of November A. D. 1921.

- JAMES H. GRAVELL. Witnesses:

F. B. TOWNSEND,

IRENE LEFKOWITZ. 

